{"id":209,"date":"2011-07-02T13:23:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-02T13:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/?p=209"},"modified":"2026-04-19T19:19:23","modified_gmt":"2026-04-19T13:49:23","slug":"cpanel-back-end-files","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/cpanel-back-end-files\/","title":{"rendered":"Cpanel Back End Files"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This document provides an overview of backend files, directories, services, and configurations used in cPanel and WHM. The content is preserved exactly as provided, with only formatting improvements for better readability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Root or SSH access to the server<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basic knowledge of the Linux file system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Familiarity with cPanel \/ WHM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implementation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">WHM: Web Host Manager<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/IPaddress:2086\">http:\/\/IPaddress:2086<\/a><br><a href=\"http:\/\/IPaddress\/whm\">http:\/\/IPaddress\/whm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">WHM-related files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\/var\/cpanel \u2013 whm files<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bandwidth\/ \u2013 rrd files of domains<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>username.accts \u2013 reseller accounts are listed in this file<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>packages \u2013 hosting packages are listed here<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>root.accts \u2013 root-owned domains are listed here<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>suspended \u2013 suspended accounts are listed here<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>users\/ \u2013 cpanel user file \u2013 theme, bwlimit, addon, parked, sub-domains all are listed in this file<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zonetemplates\/ \u2013 dns zone template files are taken from here<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cpanel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/domainname:2082\">http:\/\/domainname:2082<\/a><br><a href=\"http:\/\/IP:2082\">http:\/\/IP:2082<\/a><br><a href=\"http:\/\/domainname\/cpanel\">http:\/\/domainname\/cpanel<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mail<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The important sections under the Mail are defined below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Email Accounts: In this area, you can manage the email accounts associated with your domain(s).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Webmail: Webmail allows you to check your email from a web browser as opposed to a desktop mail application such as Outlook Express or Thunderbird. This means that you can check your email from any web browser<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BoxTrapper: BoxTrapper protects your inbox from spam by forcing all people not on your white list to reply to a verification email before they can send mail to you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spamassassin: SpamAssassin is an automated email filtering system that attempts to identify spam messages based on the content of the email\u2019s headers and body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autoresponders: You can use autoresponders to send a message back automatically to anyone who sends an email to a certain account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forwarders: Forwarders allow you to send a copy of all mail from one email address to another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Default Address: The default email address will \u201ccatch\u201d any mail that is sent to an invalid email address for your domain. All mail that is sent to an address that does not exist will go to the default email address. To send all default mail to the main mail account, type the user name of your cPanel account in the email address input field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>User-level Filtering: In this area, you can manage filters for each user. Each user filter is processed after the main account filters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exim back-end files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Conf: \/etc\/exim.conf \u2013 exim main configuration file<br>\/etc\/localdomains \u2013 list of domains allowed to relay mail<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Log : \/var\/log\/exim_mainlog \u2013 incoming\/outgoing mails are logged here<br>\/var\/log\/exim_rejectlog \u2013 exim rejected mails are reported here<br>\/exim errors are logged here<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mail queue: \/var\/spool\/exim\/input<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cpanel script to restart exim \u2013 \/scripts\/restartsrv_exim<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Email forwarders and catchall address file \u2013 \/etc\/valiases\/domainname.com<br>Email filters file \u2013 \/etc\/vfilters\/domainname.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>POP user authentication file \u2013 \/home\/username\/etc\/domainname\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>catchall inbox \u2013 \/home\/username\/mail\/inbox<br>POP user inbox \u2013 \/home\/username\/mail\/domainname\/popusername\/inbox<br>POP user spambox \u2013 \/home\/username\/mail\/domainname\/popusername\/spam<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Program : \/usr\/sbin\/exim (suid \u2013 -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root )<br>Init Script: \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/exim<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FILES<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Backup and BackUp Wizard: Backups allow you to download (to your computer) a zipped copy of either your entire site (your home directory, databases, email forwarders configuration, email filters configuration) or one of the previously mentioned parts of your site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>File Manager: Helps you to download, upload and create new files and give permission to the folders and files listed inside it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>WebDisk: You can create a Web Disk login and access your Web Disk below. Once your Web Disk is configured, you can then drag and drop files to it just like they are part of your home computer. You can also navigate through the files in your hosting account just as you do the files on your local computer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FTP Accounts: FTP Accounts allow you to access your website\u2019s files through a protocol called FTP. You will need a third-party FTP program to access your files.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ProFTPD<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program:\/usr\/sbin\/proftpd<br>Init Script :\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/proftpd<br>Conf: \/etc\/proftpd.conf<br>Log: \/var\/log\/messages, \/var\/log\/xferlog<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FTP accounts file \u2013 \/etc\/proftpd\/username \u2013 all ftp accounts for the domain are listed here<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pure-FTPD<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program: \/usr\/sbin\/pure-ftpd<br>Init Script :\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/pure-ftpd<br>Conf: \/etc\/pure-ftpd.conf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anonymous ftp document root \u2013 \/etc\/pure-ftpd\/ip-address<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LOGS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bandwidth: This function allows you to see the bandwidth usage for your site. It shows the current month\u2019s bandwidth usage as well as your total bandwidth usage. This will include all HTTP (web) and POP (mail) bandwidth usage and may include FTP bandwidth usage if your system administrator has enabled FTP bandwidth logging<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Webalizer Stats: Webalizer is a complex stats program that produces a variety of charts and graphs about who has visited your site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SECURITY<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>IP Deny Manager: This feature will allow you to block a range of IP addresses to prevent them from accessing your site. You can also enter a fully qualified domain name, and the IP Deny Manager will attempt to resolve it to an IP address for you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SSL\/TLS Manager: The SSL\/TLS Manager will allow you to generate SSL certificates, signing requests, and keys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>HotLink Protection: HotLink protection prevents other websites from directly linking to files (as specified below) on your website.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Leech Protect: Leech Protect allows you to prevent your users from giving out or publicly posting their passwords to a restricted area of your site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Password Protect: You can limit access to certain resources of your website by password-protecting the directories they are in. While doing the applying the password protection, you required a username and password to access those directories from the web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/home\/username\/.htpasswd \u2026 where the username and encrypted password is stored.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Put the .htaccess file in the directory of the file that you wish to be protected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AuthName \u201cMember Only\u201d<br>AuthType Basic<br>AuthUserFile \/home\/username\/.htpasswd<br>require valid-user<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DOMAINS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Subdomains: Subdomains are URLs for different sections of your website<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Addon Domains: An addon domain allows you to reach a sub-domain when entering the name of the addon domain into a browser<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parked Domains: Parked Domains (Domain pointers) allow you to \u201cpoint\u201d or \u201cpark\u201d additional domain names to your existing hosting account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Redirects: Redirects allow you to make a specific web page redirect to another page and display the contents of that page.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DATABASES<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>MySQL Databases: MySQL database and the corresponding users can be created here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MySQL Database wizard: For the creation of the database and giving the privileges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>phpMyadmin: phpMyAdmin is a third-party tool included with cPanel, used for manipulating MySQL databases over the Internet. Using phpMyAdmin, you can add and drop databases, create, alter, and delete tables, add, edit, and delete fields, execute SQL statements, and manage users, keys, and permissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MySQL backend files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program: \/usr\/bin\/mysql<br>Init Script : \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/mysql<br>Conf: \/etc\/my.cnf, \/root\/.my.cnf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Data directory \u2013 \/var\/lib\/mysql \u2013 Where all databases are stored.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Database naming convention \u2013 username_dbname (eg: john_sales)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Permissions on databases \u2013 drwx 2 mysql mysql<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Socket file \u2013 \/var\/lib\/mysql\/mysql.sock, tmp mysql.sock<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Software\/Services<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>CGI Centre: Short for \u201cCommon Gateway Interface,\u201d CGI lets a web server run pieces of software called scripts. cPanel\u2019s CGI Centre provides CGI scripts that can do many useful things for your website, like create a guestbook, clock, hit counter, countdown clock, and banner ads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Site Software: This interface allows you to add useful software to your website. Your web host controls what software is available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PHP PEAR Packages: Using these features, you can add and manage PHP packages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PHP Configuration \u2014 This feature allows you to view specific information about your server\u2019s PHP configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perl Modules: This feature provides an interface for you to add and manage Perl modules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Optimise Website \u2014 This feature can automatically compress content on your website, when that content is requested by visitors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Deploying a Ruby on Rails Environment: To create and deploy a Ruby on Rails application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ADVANCED<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Apache Handlers: This interface allows you to add and manage Apache handlers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Image Manager: cPanel includes 3 tools to help you manage the images you use on your website.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Index Manager: This interface allows you to configure how a directory index will appear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Error Pages: This interface allows you to customise error pages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cron Jobs: Scheduled tasks on the server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FrontPage Extensions: Allows publishing from Microsoft FrontPage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Network Tools: Tools for retrieving network information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Submit a Support Request: Submit support tickets (if enabled).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MIME Types: Manage file handling types.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apache<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\/usr\/local\/apache<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bin \u2013 apache binaries (httpd, apachectl, apxs)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>conf \u2013 configuration files (httpd.conf)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cgi-bin<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>domlogs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>htdocs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>include<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>libexec<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>logs \u2013 access_log, error_log, suexec_log<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>man<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>proxy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>icons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Init Script :\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/httpd<br>Cpanel script to restart apache \u2013 \/scripts\/restartsrv_httpd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exim<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Conf: \/etc\/exim.conf<br>\/etc\/localdomains<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Log: \/var\/log\/exim_mainlog<br>\/var\/log\/exim_rejectlog<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mail queue: \/var\/spool\/exim\/input<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cpanel script to restart exim \u2013 \/scripts\/restartsrv_exim<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frontpage Extensions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program \u2013 \/usr\/local\/frontpage\/version5.0\/bin\/owsadm.exe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FP files: _vti-bin, _vti-pvt, _vti-cnf, vti-log<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SSHD<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program:\/usr\/local\/sbin\/sshd<br>Init Script :\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/sshd<br>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<br>Log: \/var\/log\/messages<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Perl<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program:\/usr\/bin\/perl<br>Directory :\/usr\/lib\/perl5\/5.6.1\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PHP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program:\/usr\/local\/bin\/php, \/usr\/bin\/php<br>ini file: \/usr\/local\/lib\/php.ini<br>PHP can be recompiled using \/scripts\/easyapache<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Named(BIND)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Program: \/usr\/sbin\/named<br>Init Script: \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/named<br>\/etc\/named.conf<br>db records:\/var\/named\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cpanel installation directory structure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\/usr\/local\/cpanel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>3rdparty\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>addons\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>base\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bin\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cgi-sys\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>logs\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>whostmgr\/<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">WHM-related files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\/var\/cpanel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bandwidth\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>username.accts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>packages<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>root.accts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>suspended<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>users\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zonetemplates\/<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common CPanel scripts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Located in \/scripts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Includes: addns, addpop, adduser, easyapache, pkgacct, restorepkg, restartsrv, upcp, updatenow, suspendacct, unsuspendacct and others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Important cPanel\/WHM files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf<br>\/etc\/exim.conf<br>\/etc\/named.conf<br>\/etc\/proftpd.conf<br>\/etc\/pure-ftpd.conf<br>\/etc\/aliases\/domainname<br>\/etc\/vfilters\/domainname<br>\/etc\/userdomains<br>\/etc\/localdomains<br>\/var\/cpanel\/users\/username<br>\/var\/cpanel\/cpanel.config<br>\/etc\/my.cnf<br>\/etc\/resolv.conf<br>\/etc\/ips<br>\/etc\/ipaddrpool<br>\/var\/spool\/exim<br>\/var\/spool\/cron<br>\/root\/cpanel3-skel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>All original content has been preserved and presented in a clean, readable format for easier understanding and usage in cPanel and WHM environments.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction This document provides an overview of backend files, directories, services, and configurations used in cPanel and WHM. The content is preserved exactly as provided, with only formatting improvements for better readability. Prerequisites Implementation WHM: Web Host Manager http:\/\/IPaddress:2086http:\/\/IPaddress\/whm WHM-related files \/var\/cpanel \u2013 whm files Cpanel http:\/\/domainname:2082http:\/\/IP:2082http:\/\/domainname\/cpanel Mail The important&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/cpanel-back-end-files\/\" class=\"more-link read-more\" rel=\"bookmark\">Continue Reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Cpanel Back End Files<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-209","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"hentry","6":"category-uncategorized","7":"h-entry","9":"h-as-article"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pheonix Solutions - We Empower Your Business Growth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/cpanel-back-end-files\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pheonix Solutions - We Empower Your Business Growth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introduction This document provides an overview of backend files, directories, services, and configurations used in cPanel and WHM. The content is preserved exactly as provided, with only formatting improvements for better readability. 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