{"id":985,"date":"2017-02-12T12:50:43","date_gmt":"2017-02-12T07:20:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/?p=985"},"modified":"2026-08-11T10:19:14","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T04:49:14","slug":"install-varnish-ubuntu-16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/install-varnish-ubuntu-16\/","title":{"rendered":"Install Varnish on Ubuntu 16"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Varnish is a web application accelerator that can be used as a caching layer in front of a web server. In this setup, Varnish listens on port 80 and forwards requests to the backend web server. This guide explains how to configure Varnish with Nginx as the backend web server on Ubuntu 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Varnish can be configured to listen on the default HTTP port 80 while the backend web server listens on another port. In this example, Varnish listens on port 80 and Nginx listens on port 8080.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The backend web server can be either Apache or Nginx. This guide uses Nginx as the backend web server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ubuntu 16 server<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Root access to the server<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nginx or Apache web server installed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basic knowledge of Linux commands<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sufficient RAM if additional memory is allocated to Varnish<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implementation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Log in to the server as the root user.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the Varnish repository key.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">curl http:\/\/repo.varnish-cache.org\/debian\/GPG-key.txt | sudo apt-key add -\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the Varnish repository to the server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">echo \"deb http:\/\/repo.varnish-cache.org\/ubuntu\/ lucid varnish-3.0\" >> \/etc\/apt\/sources.list\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Update the package repository information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">apt-get update\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Install Varnish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">apt-get install varnish\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Open the Varnish configuration file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">nano \/etc\/default\/varnish\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Change the following configuration from:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">DAEMON_OPTS=\"-a :6081 \\\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">DAEMON_OPTS=\"-a :80 \\\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This configures Varnish to listen on port 80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the Varnish systemd service configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">nano \/etc\/systemd\/system\/multi-user.target.wants\/varnish.service\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Change the <code>ExecStart<\/code> configuration from:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ExecStart=\/usr\/sbin\/varnishd -j unix,user=vcache -F -a :6081 -T localhost:6082 -f \/etc\/varnish\/default.vcl -S \/etc\/varnish\/secret -s malloc,256m\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">ExecStart=\/usr\/sbin\/varnishd -j unix,user=vcache -F -a :80 -T localhost:6082 -f \/etc\/varnish\/default.vcl -S \/etc\/varnish\/secret -s malloc,256m\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Varnish memory allocation can optionally be adjusted based on the available server RAM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Open the Varnish configuration file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">nano \/etc\/varnish\/default.vcl\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Configure the backend as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">backend default {\n    .host = \"127.0.0.1\";\n    .port = \"8080\";\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Configure Nginx to listen on port 8080 instead of port 80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Open the Nginx default configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Change:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">listen 80 default_server;\nlisten [::]:80 default_server;\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">listen 127.0.0.1:8080 default_server;\nlisten [::]:8080 default_server;\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If multiple domains are configured, update the corresponding virtual host configurations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If Apache is being used as the backend web server instead, configure Apache to listen on port 8080.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 10<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Restart Nginx.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">systemctl restart nginx\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 11<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Restart Varnish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">systemctl restart varnish\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Verification<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Verify that Varnish is listening on port 80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">netstat -plan | grep -w 80 | grep varnish\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Verify that Nginx is listening on port 8080.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">netstat -plan | grep -w 8080 | grep nginx\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To verify the configuration externally, use the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">curl -I IPaddress\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>A response containing <code>X-Varnish<\/code> and <code>Via: 1.1 varnish-v4<\/code> confirms that the request is being handled through Varnish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">HTTP\/1.1 301 Moved Permanently\nServer: nginx\/1.10.0 (Ubuntu)\nDate: Sun, 12 Feb 2017 07:17:57 GMT\nContent-Type: text\/html\nContent-Length: 194\nLocation: https:\/\/IPaddress\/\nX-Varnish: 529814\nAge: 0\nVia: 1.1 varnish-v4\nConnection: keep-alive\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Varnish is now configured to listen on port 80 and forward requests to the Nginx backend running on port 8080. The configuration can be verified by checking the listening ports and using the <code>curl<\/code> command to confirm that requests are passing through Varnish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related Articles<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/install-apache-2-4-php5-6-ubuntu-16-04\/\">Install Apache, PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 16<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/install-nginx-php-mariadb-ubuntu-16-04-1\/\">Install Nginx, PHP, MariaDB on Ubuntu 16.04.1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Varnish is a web application accelerator that can be used as a caching layer in front of a web server. In this setup, Varnish listens on port 80 and forwards requests to the backend web server. This guide explains how to configure Varnish with Nginx as the backend web server&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/install-varnish-ubuntu-16\/\" class=\"more-link read-more\" rel=\"bookmark\">Continue Reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Install Varnish on Ubuntu 16<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[225,282],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-985","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"hentry","6":"category-linux","7":"category-ubuntu","8":"h-entry","10":"h-as-article"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pheonix Solutions - We Empower Your Business Growth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pheonixsolutions.com\/blog\/install-varnish-ubuntu-16\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pheonix Solutions - We Empower Your Business Growth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Varnish is a web application accelerator that can be used as a caching layer in front of a web server. 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In this setup, Varnish listens on port 80 and forwards requests to the backend web server. 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