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Introduction A TAR (Tape Archive) file is commonly used on Linux and Unix systems to bundle multiple files into a single archive. There may be situations where you need to search for a specific word or string inside the files contained within a TAR archive without manually extracting the entire… Continue Reading How to Search for a Word Inside a TAR Archive Using a Shell Script

Introduction Roundcube is the webmail application bundled with cPanel for managing email accounts through a web browser. In some environments, administrators may need to verify the installed Roundcube version or perform an upgrade to access new features, bug fixes, or security improvements. Note: Modern versions of cPanel manage Roundcube automatically… Continue Reading How to Find the Roundcube Version Provided by cPanel and Upgrade Roundcube

Introduction When an email cannot be delivered to its intended recipient, the sending mail server generates a bounce message, also known as a Non-Delivery Report (NDR). These messages contain SMTP reply codes or enhanced status codes that indicate why the email delivery failed. ASSP (Anti-Spam SMTP Proxy) and other mail… Continue Reading ASSP and Other Mail Bounce Back Codes

Introduction SORBS (Spam and Open Relay Blocking System) is a DNS-based Realtime Blackhole List (DNSBL) used to identify IP addresses associated with spam activity, open relays, and other unwanted mail sources. By integrating SORBS with Exim, incoming SMTP connections can be checked against the blacklist database before accepting email. If… Continue Reading Configuring Exim with the SORBS RBL Blacklist

Introduction Linux Malware Detect (Maldet or LMD) is an open-source malware scanner designed for Linux servers, especially web hosting environments such as cPanel/WHM. It helps administrators detect malicious files, web shells, backdoors, and other malware that may exist in users’ websites. Maldet can scan specific directories, identify infected files, quarantine… Continue Reading Malware Detect (Maldet) Scanner for cPanel

Introduction cPanel allows administrators to limit the number of emails that can be sent per hour to help prevent spam, reduce the risk of compromised accounts sending bulk emails, and maintain the server’s email reputation. These limits can be configured at the server level or for individual domains. Prerequisites Procedure… Continue Reading How to Configure the Maximum Emails Per Hour in cPanel

Introduction Sometimes, when accessing a website hosted in Plesk through a browser, a pop-up may appear asking for a username and password. This issue usually occurs when the required IIS user permissions are missing or incorrectly configured for the domain. To resolve this, the correct Plesk domain user and IIS… Continue Reading Site Prompting for Username and Password When Accessing in Browser

Introduction Ports are used by services running on a server to communicate over the network. For example, web servers usually listen on ports 80 and 443, mail services use ports like 25, 110, 143, 993, and 995, and control panels such as cPanel/WHM use ports like 2082, 2083, 2086, and… Continue Reading Command to Check Opened/Closed Ports on a Server

Introduction Nowadays, DDoS attacks are common on web servers. During a DDoS attack, a website or server may receive a large number of requests, which can cause high load, slow response, or downtime. To troubleshoot the issue, we need to identify which IP address is receiving more connections and then… Continue Reading How to Troubleshoot a DDoS Attack on a Server

Introduction: In a Virtuozzo/OpenVZ virtualization environment, server administrators may need to check the load and resource usage of all VPS containers from the main node. Instead of logging in to each VPS manually, we can use a loop command from the hardware node to execute the same command inside all… Continue Reading Script to check Virt VPS load (and other commands)